Table of Contents
db_url(str)drd_table(str)drr_table(str)drg_table(str)drc_table(str)ruri_avp (str)gw_id_avp (str)gw_priprefix_avp (str)rule_id_avp (str)rule_prefix_avp (str)carrier_id_avp (str)gw_sock_avp (str)define_blacklist (str)default_group (int)force_dns (int)persistent_state (int)no_concurrent_reload (int)probing_interval (integer)probing_method (string)probing_from (string)probing_reply_codes (string)probing_socket (string)cluster_id (integer)cluster_sharing_tag (string)use_domain (int)drg_user_col (str)drg_domain_col (str)drg_grpid_col (str)use_partitions (int)db_partitions_url (str)db_partitions_table (str)partition_id_pvar (pvar)enable_restart_persistency (int)extra_prefix_chars (srt)do_routing([groupID], [flags], [gw_whitelist], [rule_attrs_pvar], [gw_attrs_pvar], [carrier_attrs_pvar], [partition])
route_to_carrier( carriers, [gw_attrs_pvar], [carrier_attrs_pvar], [partition])
route_to_gw(gw_id, [gw_attrs_var], [partition])
use_next_gw( [rule_attrs_pvar], [gw_attrs_pvar], [carrier_attrs_pvar], [partition])
goes_to_gw( [type], [flags], [gw_attrs_pvar], [partition])
is_from_gw([type], [flags], [gw_attrs_pvar], [partition])
dr_is_gw( sip_uri, [type], [flags], [gw_attrs_pvar], [partition])
dr_disable([partition])
dr_match(groupID, [flags], number, [rule_attrs_pvar], [partition])
List of Tables
List of Examples
db_url parameterdrd_table parameterdrr_table parameterdrg_table parameterdrc_table parameterruri_avp parametergw_id_avp parametergw_priprefix_avp parameterrule_id_avp parameterrule_prefix_avp parametercarrier_id_avp parametergw_sock_avp parameterdefine_blacklist parameterdefault_group parameterforce_dns parameterpersistent_state parameterno_concurrent_reload parameterprobing_interval parameterprobing_method parameterprobing_from parameterprobing_reply_codes parameterprobing_socket parametercluster_id parametercluster_sharing_tag parameteruse_domain parameterdrg_user_col parameterdrg_domain_col parameterdrg_grpid_col parameteruse_partitions parameterdb_partitions_url parameterdb_partitions_table parameterpartition_id_pvar parameterenable_restart_persistency parameterextra_prefix_chars parameterdo_routing usageroute_to_carrier usageroute_to_gw usageuse_next_gw usagegoes_to_gw usageis_from_gw usagedr_is_gw usagedr_disable() usagedr_match usagedr_gw_status usage when use_partitions is set to 0dr_gw_status usage when use_partitionsis set to 1dr_carrier_status usage when use_partitions is 0dr_carrier_status usage when use_partitions is 1dr_reload_status usage when use_partitions is 0dr_reload_status usage when use_partitions is 1dr_enable_probing usageDynamic Routing is a module for selecting (based on multiple criteria) the best gateway/destination to be used for delivering a certain call. Least Cost Routing (LCR) is a special case of dynamic routing - when the rules are ordered based on costs. Dynamic Routing comes with many features regarding routing rule selection:
prefix based
caller/group based
time based
priority based
, processing :
stripping and prefixing
default rules
inbound and outbound processing
script route triggering
and failure handling:
serial forking
weight based GW selection
random GW selection
GW probing for crashes
The dynamic routing implementation for OpenSIPS is designed with the following properties:
The routing info (destinations, carriers, rules, groups) is stored in a database and loaded into memory at start up time; reload at runtime via a Management Interface command.
weight-based or random selection of the destinations (from a rule or from a carrier), failure detection of gateways (with switching to next available gateway).
able to handle large volume of routing info (10M of rules) with minimal speed/time and memory consumption penalties
script integration - Pseudo-variable support in functions; scripting route triggering when rules are matched
bidirectional behavior - inbound and outbound processing (strip and prefixing when sending and receiving from a destination/GW)
blacklisting - the module allows definition of blacklists based on the destination IPs. This blacklists are to be used to prevent malicious forwarding to GWs (based on DNS lookups) when the script logic does none-GE forwarding (like foreign domains).
loading routing information from multiple databases - the gateways, rules, groups and carriers can be grouped by partitions, and each partition may be loaded from different databases/tables. This makes the routing process partition based. In order to be able to use a table from a partition, its name must be found in the "version" table belonging to the database defined in the partition's db_url.
There were several tests performed regarding the performance of the module when dealing with a large number of routing rules.
The tests were performed with a set of 383000 rules and measured:
time to load from DB
used shared memory
The time to load was varying between 4 seconds and 8 seconds, depending of the caching of the DB client - the first load was the slowest (as the DB query hits the disk drive); the following are faster as data is already cached in the DB client. So technically speaking, the time to load (without the time to query which is DB type dependent) is ~4 seconds
After loading the data into shared memory ~ 96M of memory were used exclusively for the DR data.
DR engine uses several concepts in order to define how the routing should be done (describing all the dependencies between destinations and routing rules).
These are the end SIP entities where actually the traffic needs to be sent after routing. They are stored in a table called “dr_gateways”. Gateway addresses are stored in a separate table because of the need to access them independent of Dynamic Routing processing (e.g., adding/ removing gateway PRI prefix before/after performing other operation -- receiving/relaying to gateway).
In DR, a gateway is defined by:
id (string)
SIP address (SIP URI)
type (integer which allows GWs to be grouped by purpose, e.g. inbound, outbound, etc.)
prefix (string) to be added to dialled number
attributes (not used by DR engine, but only pushed to script level when routing to this GW)
probing mode (how the GW should be probed at SIP level - see the probing chapter)
The Gateways are to be used from the routing rule or from the carrier definition. They are all the time referred by their ID.
The carrier concept is used if you need to group gateways in order to have a better control on how the GWs will be used by DR rules; like in what order the GWs will be used.
Basically, a carrier is a set of gateways which have its own sorting algorithm and its own attribute string. They are by default defined in the “dr_carriers” table.
In DR, a carrier is defined by:
id (string)
list of gateways with/without weights (string) (Ex:“gw1=10,gw4=10” or “gw1,gw2”
flags : 0x1 - use only the first gateway from the carrier (depending on the sorting); 0x2 - disable the usage of this carrier
sort algorithm : how the list of the gateways should be sorted before being used, NULL - use the DB given order, W - do weight based re-ordering, Q - do quality based sorting (requires the qrouting module)
attributes (not used by DR engine, but only pushed to script level when routing to this carrier)
The Carriers are to be used only from the routing rule definition. They are all the time referred by their ID.
These are the actual rules which control the routing. Using different criterias (prefix, time, priority, etc), they will decide to which gateways the call will be sent.
Default name for the table storing rule definitions is “dr_rules”.
In DR, a routing rule is defined by:
group (list of numbers) - rules can be grouped (a rule may belong to multiple groups in the same time ) and you can use only a certain group at a point; like having a “premium” or “standard” or “interstate” or “intrastate” groups of rules to be used in different cases
prefix (string with digits only) - prefix to be used for matching this rule (longest prefix matching)
time validity (time recurrence string) - when this rule is valid from time point of view (see RFC 2445)
priority (number) - priority of the rule - higher value, higher priority (see rule section alg)
script route ID (string) - if defined, then execute the route with the specified ID when this rule is matched. That's it, a route which can be used to perform custom operations on message. NOTE that no modification is performed at signaling level and you must NOT do any signaling operations in that script route
list of GWs/carriers (string) - a comma separated list of gateways or carriers (defined by IDs) to be used for this rule; the carrier IDs are prefixed with “#” sign. For each ID (GW or carrier) you may specify a weight. For how this list will be interpreted (as order) see the rule selection section. Example of list: “gw1,gw4,#cr3” or “gw1=10,gw4=10,#cr3=80”
attributes (not used by DR engine, but only pushed to script level when this rule matched and been used)
More on time recurrence:
A date-time expression that defines the time recurrence to be matched for current rule. Time recurrences are based closely on the recurring time intervals from the Internet Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification (calendar COS), RFC 2445. The set of attributes used in routing rule specification is a subset of time recurrence attributes.
The value stored in database has the format of: <dtstart>|<duration>|<freq>|<until>|<interval>|<byday>|<bymonthday>|<byyearday>|<byweekno>|<bymonth>
When an attribute is not specified, the corresponding place must be left empty, whenever another attribute that follows in the list has to be specified.
The module can be used to find out which is the best gateway to use for new calls terminated to PSTN. The algorithm to select the rule is as follows:
the module discovers the routing group of the originating user. This step is skipped if a routing group is passed from the script as parameter.
once the group is known, in the subset of the rules for this group the module looks for the one that matches the destination based on "prefix" column. The set of rules with the longest prefix is chosen. If no digit from the prefix matches, the default rules are used (rules with no prefix)
within the set of rules is applied the time criteria, and the rule which has the highest priority and matches the time criteria is selected to drive the routing.
Once found the rule, it may contain a route ID to execute. If a certain flag is set, then the processing is stopped after executing the route block.
The rule must contain a chain of gateways and carriers. The module will execute serial forking for each address in the chain (ordering is either done by simply using the definition order or it may weight-based - weight selection must be enabled). The next address in chain is used only if the previously has failed.
With the right gateway address found, the prefix (PRI) of the gateway is added to the request URI and then the request is forwarded.
If no rule is found to match the selection criteria an default action must be taken (e.g., error response sent back). If the gateway in the chain has no prefix the request is forwarded without adding any prefix to the request URI.
The module has the capability to monitor the status of the destinations by doing SIP probing (sending SIP requests like OPTIONS).
For each destination, you can configure what kind of probing should be done (probe_mode column):
(0) - no probing at all;
(1) - probing only when the destination is in disabled mode (disabling via MI command will completely stop the probing also). The destination will be automatically re-enabled when the probing will succeed next time;
(2) - probing all the time. If disabled, the destination will be automatically re-enabled when the probing will succeed next time;
A destination can become disabled in two ways:
The following modules must be loaded before this module:
a database module.
tm module.
clusterer - only if "cluster_id" option is enabled.
The database url.
Default value is “NULL”.
Example 1.1. Set db_url parameter
...
modparam("drouting", "db_url",
"mysql://opensips:opensipsrw@localhost/opensips")
...
The name of the db table storing gateway addresses.
Default value is “dr_gateways”.
The name of the db table storing routing rules.
Default value is “dr_rules”.
The name of the db table storing groups.
Default value is “dr_groups”.
The name of the db table storing definitions of the carriers that will be used directly by the routing rules.
Default value is “dr_carriers”.
The name of the avp for storing Request URIs to be later used (alternative destiantions for the current one).
Default value is “$avp(___dr_ruri__)” if use_partitions parameter is 0
or “$avp(___dr_ruri__partition_name)” where partition_name is the name of the partition
containing the AVP (as fetched from the database) if use_partitions parameter is 1.
Example 1.6. Set ruri_avp parameter
...
modparam("drouting", "ruri_avp", '$avp(dr_ruri)')
modparam("drouting", "ruri_avp", '$avp(33)')
...
The name of the avp for storing the id of the current selected gateway/destination - once a new destination is selected (via the use_next_gw() function), the AVP will be updated with the ID of the new selected gateway/destination.
Default value is “$avp(___dr_gw_id__)” if use_partitions parameter is 0
or “$avp(___dr_gw_id__partition_name)” where partition_name is the name of the partition
containing the AVP (as fetched from the database) if use_partitions parameter is 1.
Example 1.7. Set gw_id_avp parameter
...
modparam("drouting", "gw_id_avp", '$avp(gw_id)')
modparam("drouting", "gw_id_avp", '$avp(334)')
...
The name of the avp for storing the PRI prefix of the current selected destination/gateway - once a new destination is selected (via the use_next_gw() function), the AVP will be updated with the PRI prefix of the new used destination.
Default value is “NULL”.
Example 1.8. Set gw_priprefix_avp parameter
...
modparam("drouting", "gw_priprefix_avp", '$avp(gw_priprefix)')
...
The name of the avp for storing the id of the current matched routing rule (see dr_rules table).
Default value is “NULL”.
Example 1.9. Set rule_id_avp parameter
...
modparam("drouting", "rule_id_avp", '$avp(rule_id)')
modparam("drouting", "rule_id_avp", '$avp(335)')
...
The actual prefix that matched the routing rule (the part from RURI username that matched the routing rule).
Default value is “NULL”.
Example 1.10. Set rule_prefix_avp parameter
...
modparam("drouting", "rule_prefix_avp", '$avp(dr_prefix)')
...
AVP to be populate with the ID string for the carrier the current GW belongs to.
Default value is “NULL”.
Example 1.11. Set carrier_id_avp parameter
...
modparam("drouting", "carrier_id_avp", '$avp(carrier_id)')
...
The name of the avp for storing sockets for alternative destinations defined by ruri_avp.
Default value is “$avp(___dr_sock__)” if use_partitions parameter is 0
or “$avp(___dr_sock__partition_name)” where partition_name is the name of the partition
containing the AVP (as fetched from the database) if use_partitions parameter is 1.
Example 1.12. Set gw_sock_avp parameter
...
modparam("drouting", "gw_sock_avp", '$avp(dr_sock)')
modparam("drouting", "gw_sock_avp", '$avp(77)')
...
Defines a blacklist based on a list of GW types - the blacklist will be populated with the IPs (no port, all protocols) of the GWs having the specified types.
If partitions are used, prefix the blacklist definition string with the name of the partition followed by ":" separator.
Multiple instances of this param are allowed.
Default value is “NULL”.
Example 1.13. Set define_blacklist parameter
...
modparam("drouting", "define_blacklist", 'bl_name= 3,5,25,23')
modparam("drouting", "define_blacklist", 'list= 4,2')
modparam("drouting", "define_blacklist", 'pstn:list2 = 5,6')
modparam("drouting", "define_blacklist", 'pstn:list3 = 7,8')
...
Group to be used if the caller (FROM user) is not found in the GROUP table.
Default value is “NONE”.
Force DNS resolving of GW/destination names (if not IPs) during startup. If not enabled, the GW name will be blindly used during routing.
Default value is “1 (enabled)”.
Specifies whether the state column should be loaded at startup and flushed during runtime or not.
Default value is “1” (enabled).
Example 1.16. Set the persistent_state parameter
...
# disable all DB operations with the state of a gateway
modparam("drouting", "persistent_state", 0)
...
If enabled, the module will not allow do run multiple dr_reload MI commands in parallel (with overlapping) Any new reload will be rejected (and discarded) while an existing reload is in progress.
If you have a large routing set (millions of rules/prefixes), you should consider disabling concurrent reload as they will exhaust the shared memory (by reloading into memory, in the same time, multiple instances of routing data).
Default value is “0 (disabled)”.
Example 1.17. Set no_concurrent_reload parameter
...
# do not allow parallel reload operations
modparam("drouting", "no_concurrent_reload", 1)
...
How often (in seconds) the probing of a destination should be done. If set to 0, the probing will be disabled as functionality (for all destinations)
Default value is “30”.
The SIP method to be used for the probing requests.
Default value is “"OPTIONS"”.
The FROM SIP URI to be advertised in the SIP probing requests.
Default value is “"sip:prober@localhost"”.
Example 1.20. Set probing_from parameter
...
modparam("drouting", "probing_from", "sip:pinger@192.168.2.10")
...
A comma separted list of SIP reply codes. The codes defined here will be considered as valid reply codes for probing messages, apart for 200.
Default value is “NULL”.
Example 1.21. Set probing_reply_codes parameter
...
modparam("drouting", "probing_reply_codes", "501, 403")
...
A socket description [proto:]host[:port] of the local socket (which is used by OpenSIPS for SIP traffic) to be used (if multiple) for sending the probing messages from.
For probing gateway the highest priority has socket from gateway
configuration in dr_gateways table. Then socket from global
probing_socket parameter and the lowest
priority is default behaviour with auto selected socket wich
OpenSIPS listens on.
Default value is “NULL”.
Example 1.22. Set probing_socket parameter
...
modparam("drouting", "probing_socket", "udp:192.168.1.100:5060")
...
The ID of the cluster the module is part of. The clustering support is used in drouting module for two purposes: for sharing the status of the gateways/carriers and for controlling the pinging to gateways.
If clustering enbled, the module will automatically share changes over the status of the gateways/destinations/carriers with the other OpenSIPS instances that are part of a cluster. Whenever such a status changes (following an MI command, a probing result, a script command), the module will replicate this status change to all the nodes in this given cluster.
The clustering with sharing tag support may be used to control which node in the cluster will perform the pinging/probing to gateways. See the cluster_sharing_tag option.
For more info on how to define and populate a cluster (with OpenSIPS nodes) see the "clusterer" module.
Default value is “0 (none)”.
Example 1.23. Set cluster_id parameter
...
# replicate gw/carrier status with all OpenSIPS in cluster ID 9
modparam("drouting", "cluster_id", 9)
...
The name of the sharing tag (as defined per clusterer modules) to control which node is responsible for perform the self-triggered actions in the module. Such actions may be the gateway probing or sharing the gateway/carrier status changes. If defined, only the node with active status of this tag will perform the actions (pinging and sharing status).
The cluster_id must be defined for this option to work.
This is an optional parameter. If not set, all the nodes in the cluster will individually do the probing and share the status changes.
Default value is “empty (none)”.
Example 1.24. Set cluster_sharing_tag parameter
...
# only the node with the active "vip" sharing tag will perform pinging
# and broadcast the status changes
modparam("drouting", "cluster_id", 9)
modparam("drouting", "cluster_sharing_tag", "vip")
...
Flag to configure whether to use domain match when querying database for user's routing group.
Default value is “1”.
The name of the column in group db table where the username is stored.
Default value is “username”.
The name of the column in group db table where the domain is stored.
Default value is “domain”.
The name of the column in group db table where the group id is stored.
Default value is “groupid”.
Flag to configure whether to use partitions for routing. If this
flag is set then the db_partitions_url and
db_partitions_table
variables become mandatory.
Default value is “0”.
The url to the database containing partition-specific
information. (partition-specific information includes
partition name, url to the database where information about
the partition is preserved, the names of the tables in which it
is preserved and the AVPs that can be accessed using the .cfg
script). The use_partitions parameter
must be set to 1.
Default value is “"NULL"”.
Example 1.30. Set db_partitions_url parameter
...
modparam("drouting", "db_partitions_url", "mysql://user:password@localhost/opensips_partitions")
...
The name of the table containing partition definitions. To be
used with use_partitions and db_partitions_url.
Default value is “dr_partitions”.
Example 1.31. Set db_partitions_table parameter
...
modparam("drouting", "db_partitions_table", "partition_defs")
...
Variable which will store the name of the name partition when wildcard(*) operatior is used. Use_partitions must be set in order to use this parameter.
NOTE: The variable must be WRITABLE!
Default value is “null(not used)”.
Example 1.32. Set partition_id_pvar parameter
...
modparam("drouting", "partition_id_pvar", "$var(matched_partition)")
...
Parameter set to enable restart persistency for the Dynamic Routing module. When this parameter is set, the drouting module no longer loads the data from the database after restart, but uses the persistent storage file, and loads data from it “on demand”, improving the startup performance.
NOTE: If the restart persistent cache is not populated from a previous run, then the data will be loaded from database at startup!
NOTE: A reload will update the cached data.
Default value is “0 (disabled)”.
Example 1.33. Set enable_restart_persistency parameter
...
modparam("drouting", "enable_restart_persistency", yes)
...
Function to trigger routing of the message according to the rules in the database table and the configured parameters.
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE and LOCAL_ROUTE.
If you set use_partitions to 1 the
partition last parameter becomes
mandatory.
All parameters are optional. Any of them may be ignored, provided the necessary separation marks "," are properly placed.
groupID (int, optional) - number to specify the group of the caller for routing purposes. If none specified the function will automatically try to query the dr_group table to get this
flags (string, optional) - a list of letter-like flags for controlling the routing behavior. Possible flags are:
F - Enable rule fallback; normally the engine is using a single rule for routing a call; by setting this flag, the engine will fallback and use rules with less priority or shorter prefix when all the destination from the current rules failed.
L - Do strict length matching over the prefix - actually DR engine will do full number matching and not prefix matching anymore.
C - Only check if the dialed number matches any routing rule, without loading / applying any routing info (no GW is set, the RURI is not altered)
W (deprecated) - Instead of using the destination (from the rule definition) in the given order, sort them based on their weight.
This flag is deprecated in 3.1+. The new approach is to set a "W" value as the "sort_alg" column of the dr_rules or dr_carriers tables. See the Dynamic Routing DB schema for more details.
gw_whitelist (string, optional) - a comma separated white list of gateways. This will force routing over, at most, this list of carriers or gateways (in other words, the whitelist will be intersected with the results of the search through the rules).
rule_attrs_pvar (var, optional) - a writable variable which will be populated with the attributes of the matched dynamic routing rule.
gw_attrs_pvar (var, optional) - a writable variable which will be populated with the attributes of the matched gateway.
carrier_attrs_pvar (var, optional) - a a writable variable which will be populated with the attributes of the matched carrier.
partition (string, optional) - the name of the DR partition to be used. This parameter is to be defined ONLY if the "use_partition" module parameter is turned on. Besides specifing the name of one partition, you can use the "*" wildcard sign to force routing over all partitions.
Example 1.35. do_routing usage
... # all groups, sort on order,use_partitionsis 0 do_routing(); ... # all groups, sort on order,use_partitionsis 1, route by partition named "part" do_routing( , , , , , ,"part"); ... # group id 0, sort on order,use_partitionsis 0 do_routing(0); ... # group id 0, sort on order,use_partitionsis 1, route by partition named "part" do_routing(0, , , , , , "part"); ... # group id from $var(id), sort on order,use_partitionsis 0 do_routing($var(id)); ... # all groups, sort on weights,use_partitionsis 0 do_routing(, "W"); ... #use_partitionsis 1, partition and group supplied by AVPs, do strict length matching do_routing( $avp(grp),"L", , , , ,$avp(partition)) ... # group id 2, sort on order, fallback rule and also return the gateway attributes do_routing(2, "F", , , $var(gw_attributes)); ...
Function to trigger the direct routing to a given set carriers (one or more). So, the routing is not done prefix based, but carrier based (call will be sent to the GWs of that carrier, based on carrier policy).
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE and LOCAL_ROUTE.
If you set use_partitions parameter to 1 you must
supply the "partition" parameter also (where the carrier are to be
found).
carriers (string) - comma separated carrier IDs (names)
gw_attrs_pvar (var, optional) - an output writable variable which will be populated with the attributes of the currently matched gateway of this carrier.
carrier_attrs_pvar (var, optional) - an output writable variable which will be populated with the attributes of this carrier.
partition (string, optional) - the name of the DR partition to be used. This parameter is to be defined ONLY if the "use_partition" module parameter is turned on. Wildcard sign is not accepted by the function.
Example 1.36. route_to_carrier usage
...
# use_partitions is not set
if ( route_to_carrier("my_top_carrier, def_carrier", , $var(carrier_att)) ) {
xlog("Routing to \"my_top_carrier\" - $var(carrier_att)\n");
t_on_failure("next_gw");
t_relay();
exit;
}
...
# use_partitions is enabled
if ( route_to_carrier("my_top_carrier", , $var(carrier_att), "part") ) {
xlog("Routing to \"my_top_carrier\" - $var(carrier_att)\n");
t_on_failure("next_gw");
t_relay();
exit;
}
...
# use_partitions is enabled
if ( route_to_carrier($var(carrierId), , , $var(my_partition)) ) {
xlog("Routing to \"my_top_carrier\"\n");
t_on_failure("next_gw");
t_relay();
exit;
}
...
Function to trigger the direct routing to a given gateway (or list of gateways). Attributes and per-gw processing will be available.
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE and LOCAL_ROUTE.
If you set use_partitions parameter to 1 you must
supply the "partition" parameter to instruct on the partition where the
gateway has been defined.
gw_id (string) - comma separated list of gateway IDs to be used.
gw_attrs_pvar (var, optional) - an output writable variable which will be populated with the attributes of the currently matched gateway.
partition (string, optional) - the name of the DR partition to be used. This parameter is to be defined ONLY if the "use_partition" module parameter is turned on. Wildcard sign is not accepted by the function.
Example 1.37. route_to_gw usage
...
# use_partitions is not set
if ( route_to_gw("gw_europe") ) {
t_relay();
exit;
}
...
# use_partitions is not set
if ( route_to_gw("gw1,gw2,gw3", $var(gw_attrs)) ) {
xlog("Relaying to first gateway from our list - $var(gw_attrs)\n");
t_relay();
exit;
}
...
# use_partitions is enabled
if ( route_to_gw("gw_europe", , "my_partition") ) {
t_relay();
exit;
}
...
# use_partitions is enabled
if ( route_to_gw("gw1,gw2,gw3", $var(gw_attrs), "my_partition") ) {
xlog("Relaying to first gateway from our list - $var(gw_attrs)\n");
t_relay();
exit;
}
...
The function takes the next available destination (set by do_routing, as alternative destinations) and pushes it into the RURI. Note that the function just sets the RURI (nothing more).
If a new RURI is set, the used destination is removed from the pending set of alternative destinations.
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE and LOCAL_ROUTE.
If you set use_partitions parameter to 1 you must
supply the "partition" parameter to instruct on the partition where the
gateway has been defined.
The function returns true only if a new RURI was set. False is returned is no other alternative destinations are found or in case of an internal processing error. It may take the following optional parameters:
rule_attrs_pvar (var, optional) - an output writable variable which will be populated with the attributes of the matched dynamic routing rule.
gw_attrs_pvar (var, optional) - an output writable variable which will be populated with the attributes of the matched gateway.
carrier_attrs_pvar (var, optional) - an output writable variable which will be populated with the attributes of the matched carrier.
partition (optinal, string) - the name of the DR partition to be used. This parameter is to be defined ONLY if the "use_partition" module parameter is turned on. Wildcard sign is not accepted by the function.
Example 1.38. use_next_gw usage
...
# use_partitions is not set
if (use_next_gw()) {
t_relay();
exit;
}
...
# Also fetch the carrier attributes, if any
if (use_next_gw(, , $var(carrier_attrs))) {
xlog("Carrier attributes of current gateway: $var(carrier_attrs)\n");
t_relay();
exit;
}
...
# use_partitions is enabled
if (use_next_gw( , , ,"my_partition")) {
t_relay();
exit;
}
...
# Also fetch the carrier attributes, if any
if (use_next_gw( , ,$var(carrier_attrs), "my_partition")) {
xlog("Carrier attributes of current gateway: $var(carrier_attrs)\n");
t_relay();
exit;
}
...
Function returns true if the destination of the current request (destination URI or Request URI) points (as IP) to one of the gateways. There no DNS lookups done if the domain part of the URI is not an IP.
This function does not change anything in the message.
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE and ONREPLY_ROUTE.
If you set use_partitions parameter to 1 you must
supply the "partition" parameter to instruct on the partition where the
gateway has been defined.
It may take the following optional parameters:
type (int, optional) - number for the GW/destination type to be checked; when omitting this parameter or specifying the special value -1, matching will be done against all types.
flags (string, optional) - letter like flags for controlling what operations should be performed when a GW matches:
's' (Strip) - apply to the username of RURI the strip defined by the GW
'p' (Prefix) - apply to the username of RURI the prefix defined by the GW
'i' (Gateway ID) - return the gateway id into gw_id_avp AVP
'n' (Ignore port) - ignores port number during matching
'c' (Carrier ID) - return the carrier id into carrier_id_avp AVP
gw_attrs_pvar (var, optional) - an output writable variable which will be populated with the attributes of the matched gateway.
partition (string, optional) - the name of the DR partition to be used. This parameter is to be defined ONLY if the "use_partition" module parameter is turned on. Wildcard sign is accepted by this function.
Example 1.39. goes_to_gw usage
...
# use_partitions is not set
if (goes_to_gw( 1, , $var(gw_attrs))) {
sl_send_reply(403,"Forbidden");
exit;
}
...
# use_partitions is enabledt
if (goes_to_gw(1, , $var(gw_attrs), "my_partition")) {
sl_send_reply(403,"Forbidden");
exit;
}
...
The function checks if the sender of the message (source IP + source port) is a gateway from a certain group.
This function does not change anything in the message.
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE and ONREPLY_ROUTE.
If you set use_partitions parameter to 1 you must
supply the "partition" parameter to instruct on the partition where the
gateway has been defined.
It may take the following optional parameters:
type (int, optional) - number for the GW/destination type to be checked; when omitting this parameter or specifying the special value -1, matching will be done against all types.
flags (string, optional) - letter like flags for controlling what operations should be performed when a GW matches:
's' (Strip) - apply to the username of RURI the strip defined by the GW
'p' (Prefix) - apply to the username of RURI the prefix defined by the GW
'i' (Gateway ID) - return the gateway id into gw_id_avp AVP
'n' (Ignore port) - ignores port number during matching
'c' (Carrier ID) - return the carrier id into carrier_id_avp AVP
gw_attrs_pvar (var, optional) - an output writable variable which will be populated with the attributes of the matched gateway.
partition (string, optional) - the name of the DR partition to be used. This parameter is to be defined ONLY if the "use_partition" module parameter is turned on. Wildcard sign is accepted by this function.
Example 1.40. is_from_gw usage
# use_partitions is not set
# match the source IP (only) against all gateways
if (is_from_gw(-1, "n")) {
...
}
# use_partitions is enabled
# match the source IP and port against all gateways from the "outbound"
# partition and return the matched gateway's carrier
if (is_from_gw(, "c", , "outbound")) {
...
}
The function checks if the SIP URI hostname part stored inside the "src_pv" pseudo-variable is a gateway from a certain group.
This function does not change anything in the message.
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE and ONREPLY_ROUTE.
If you set use_partitions parameter to 1 you must
supply the "partition" parameter to instruct on the partition where the
gateway has been defined.
It may take the following optional parameters:
sip_uri (string) - SIP URI. If the URI hostname part is a FQDN, it will be resolved prior to matching.
type (int, optional) - number for the GW/destination type to be checked; when omitting this parameter or specifying the special value -1, matching will be done against all types.
flags (string, optional) - letter like flags for controlling what operations should be performed when a GW matches:
's' (Strip) - apply to the username of RURI the strip defined by the GW
'p' (Prefix) - apply to the username of RURI the prefix defined by the GW
'i' (Gateway ID) - return the gateway id into gw_id_avp AVP
'n' (Ignore port) - ignores port number during matching
'c' (Carrier ID) - return the carrier id into carrier_id_avp AVP
gw_attrs_pvar (var, optional) - an output writable variable which will be populated with the attributes of the matched gateway.
partition (string, optional) - the name of the DR partition to be used. This parameter is to be defined ONLY if the "use_partition" module parameter is turned on. Wildcard sign is accepted by this function.
Example 1.41. dr_is_gw usage
# match the SIP URI host within $var(uac) against all gateways
if (dr_is_gw( $var(uac), , "n")) {
...
}
# match the SIP URI host within $var(uac) against
# all gws in "outbound" partition
if (dr_is_gw( $avp(uac), , "n", , "partition")) {
...
}
Marks as disabled the last destination that was used for the current call. The disabling done via this function will prevent the destination to be used for usage from now on. The probing mechanism can re-enable this peer (see the probing section in the beginning)
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE, ONREPLY_ROUTE and LOCAL_ROUTE.
If you set use_partitions parameter to 1 you must
supply the "partition" parameter to instruct on the partition where the
gateway has been defined.
It may take the following parameters:
partition (string, optional) - the name of the DR partition to be used. This parameter is to be defined ONLY if the "use_partition" module parameter is turned on. Wildcard sign is accepted by this function.
Example 1.42. dr_disable() usage
...
if (t_check_status("(408)|(5[0-9][0-9])")) {
dr_disable();
}
...
if (t_check_status("(408)|(5[0-9][0-9])")) {
dr_disable("my_partition");
}
...
The function tries to match/check the given number against the rules from the database.
This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE, FAILURE_ROUTE, BRANCH_ROUTE, ONREPLY_ROUTE and LOCAL_ROUTE.
If you set use_partitions to 1 the
partition last parameter becomes
mandatory.
The parameters are:
groupID (int) - number to specify the dr group (set of rules) to perform the check against
flags (string, optional) - a list of letter-like flags for controlling the checking/matching behavior. Possible flags are:
L - Do strict length matching over the prefix - actually DR engine will do full number matching and not prefix matching anymore.
number (string) - the number to check
rule_attrs_pvar (var, optional) - a writable variable which will be populated with the attributes of the matched dynamic routing rule.
partition (string, optional) - the name of the DR partition to be used. This parameter is to be defined ONLY if the "use_partition" module parameter is turned on.
Example 1.43. dr_match usage
...
if ( dr_match( 1, "L" , $fU, ,"dids") )
xlog("Full From Username $fU found in group 1 partition DIDS\n");
...
if ( dr_match( 1, , $var(did) ) )
xlog("DID $var(did) matches rules in group 1\n");
...
Command to reload routing rules from database.
if use_partition is set to 0 - all routing rules will be reloaded.
if use_partition is set to 1, the parameters are:
partition_name (optional) - if not provided all the partitions will be reloaded, otherwise just the partition given as parameter will be reloaded.
MI FIFO Command Format:
opensips-cli -x mi dr_reload part_1
Gets the status (enabled or disabled) of one or multiple gateways. The function can also be used to set the status of a single gateway.
if use_partitions is set to 0, the parameters are:
gw_id (optional) - the id of a gateway. If provided, the function will return/set (depnding if the second parameter is given) the status of that gateway, otherwise it will list all gateways along with their statuses.
status (optional) - the new status to be forced for a GW (0 - disable, 1 - enable). Only makes sense if gw_id is provided.
if use_partitions is set to 1, the parameters are:
partition_name
gw_id (optional) - the id of a gateway. If provided, the function will return/set (depnding if the third parameter is given) the status of that gateway, otherwise it will list all gateways in the given partition along with their statuses.
status (optional) - the new status to be forced for a GW (0 - disable, 1 - enable). Only makes sense if gw_id is provided.
Example 1.44. dr_gw_status usage when use_partitions is set to 0
$ opensips-cli -x mi dr_gw_status gw_id=2 State:: Active $ opensips-cli -x mi dr_gw_status gw_id=2 status=0 $ opensips-cli -x mi dr_gw_status gw_id=2 Enabled:: Disabled MI $ opensips-cli -x mi dr_gw_status gw_id=3 Enabled:: Inactive
Example 1.45. dr_gw_status usage when use_partitionsis set to 1
$ opensips-cli -x mi dr_gw_status partition_name=part_1 gw_id=my_gw State:: Active $ opensips-cli -x mi dr_gw_status partition_name=part_1 gw_id=my_gw status=0 $ opensips-cli -x mi dr_gw_status partition_name=part_1 gw_id=my_gw enabled:: disabled mi $ opensips-cli -x mi dr_gw_status partition_name=partition8 status=3 enabled:: inactive
Gets the status (enabled or disabled) of one or multiple carriers. The function can also be used to set the status of a single carrier.
if use_partitions is set to 0, the parameters are:
carrier_id (optional) - the id of a carrier. If provided, the function will return/set (depnding if the second parameter is given) the status of that carrier, otherwise it will list all carriers along with their statuses.
status (optional) - the new status to be forced for a carrier (0 - disable, 1 - enable). Only makes sense if carrier_id is provided.
if use_partitions is set to 1, the parameters are:
partition_name
carrier_id (optional) - the id of a carrier. If provided, the function will return/set (depnding if the third parameter is given) the status of that carrier, otherwise it will list all carriers contained in the given partition along with their statuses.
status (optional) - the new status to be forced for a carrier (0 - disable, 1 - enable). Only makes sense if carrier_id is provided.
Example 1.46. dr_carrier_status usage when use_partitions is 0
$ opensips-cli -x mi dr_carrier_status carrier_id=CR1 Enabled:: no $ opensips-cli -x mi dr_carrier_status carrier_id=CR1 status=1 $ opensips-cli -x mi dr_carrier_status carrier_id=CR1 Enabled:: yes
Example 1.47. dr_carrier_status usage when use_partitions is 1
$ opensips-cli -x mi dr_carrier_status partition_name=my_partition carrier_id=CR1 Enabled:: no $ opensips-cli -x mi dr_carrier_status partition_name=partition_1 carrier_id=CR1 status=1 $ opensips-cli -x mi dr_carrier_status partition_name=partition_3 carrier_id=CR1 Enabled:: yes
Gets the time of the last reload for any partition.
if use_partition is set to 0 - the function
doesn't receive any parameter. It will list the date of the
last reload for the default (and only) partition.
if use_partition is set to 1, the parameters are:
partition_name (optional) - if not provided the function will list the time of the last update for every partition. Otherwise, the function will list the time of the last reload for the given partition.
Example 1.48. dr_reload_status usage when use_partitions is 0
$ opensips-cli -x mi dr_reload_status Date:: Tue Aug 12 12:26:00 2014
Example 1.49. dr_reload_status usage when use_partitions is 1
$ opensips-cli -x mi dr_reload_status Partition:: part_test Date=Tue Aug 12 12:24:13 2014 Partition:: part_2 Date=Tue Aug 12 12:24:13 2014 $ opensips-cli -x mi dr_reload_status part_test Partition:: part_test Date=Tue Aug 12 12:24:13 2014
Gets the matched prefix along with the list of the gateways / carriers to which a number would be routed when using the do_routing function.
if use_partition is set to 1 the function
will have 3 parameters:
partition_name
group_id (optional) - the group id of the rules to check against
number - the number to test against
if use_partition is set to 0 the function will have 2 parameters:
group_id (optional) - the group id of the rules to check against
number - the number to test against
MI FIFO Command Format:
opensips-cli -x mi dr_number_routing partition_name=part1 group_id=3 number=012340987
Enables/disables gateway probing or returns the current gateway probing status.
Parameters:
status (optional) - 1 - enable, 0 - disable gateway probing
Example 1.50. dr_enable_probing usage
$ opensips-cli -x mi dr_enable_probing Status:: 1 $ opensips-cli -x mi dr_enable_probing 0 $ opensips-cli -x mi dr_enable_probing Status:: 0
This event is raised when the module changes the state of a gateway, either through an MI command, probing or script function.
Parameters:
partition - the name of the partition.
gwid - the gateway identifier.
address - the address of the gateway.
status - disabled MI if the gateway was disabled using MI commands, probing if the gateway is being pinged, inactive if it was disabled from the script or active if the gateway is enabled.
The module requires 4 tables in the OpenSIPS database: dr_groups, dr_gateways, dr_carriers, dr_rules. The SQL syntax to create them can be found in the drouting-create.sql script, located in the database directories of the opensips/scripts folder. You can also find the complete database documentation on the project webpage, https://opensips.org/docs/db/db-schema-devel.html.
Table 3.1. Top contributors by DevScore(1), authored commits(2) and lines added/removed(3)
| Name | DevScore | Commits | Lines ++ | Lines -- | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Bogdan-Andrei Iancu (@bogdan-iancu) | 380 | 182 | 12953 | 5591 |
| 2. | Liviu Chircu (@liviuchircu) | 134 | 76 | 2141 | 2416 |
| 3. | Razvan Crainea (@razvancrainea) | 93 | 47 | 1144 | 2182 |
| 4. | Mihai Tiganus (@tallicamike) | 71 | 20 | 4301 | 910 |
| 5. | Vlad Patrascu (@rvlad-patrascu) | 38 | 17 | 1090 | 728 |
| 6. | Vlad Paiu (@vladpaiu) | 23 | 20 | 244 | 47 |
| 7. | Andrei Datcu (@andrei-datcu) | 20 | 12 | 551 | 134 |
| 8. | Ovidiu Sas (@ovidiusas) | 15 | 11 | 132 | 70 |
| 9. | Ionut Ionita (@ionutrazvanionita) | 15 | 9 | 370 | 108 |
| 10. | Andrei Dragus | 10 | 3 | 657 | 40 |
All remaining contributors: Anca Vamanu, Jeremy Martinez (@JeremyMartinez51), Dusan Klinec (@ph4r05), Maksym Sobolyev (@sobomax), Matt Lehner, Julián Moreno Patiño, Sergio Gutierrez, Le Roy Christophe, Nick Altmann (@nikbyte), Peter Lemenkov (@lemenkov), Alexey Vasilyev (@vasilevalex), Ozzyboshi, Aron Podrigal (@ar45), Walter Doekes (@wdoekes).
(1) DevScore = author_commits + author_lines_added / (project_lines_added / project_commits) + author_lines_deleted / (project_lines_deleted / project_commits)
(2) including any documentation-related commits, excluding merge commits. Regarding imported patches/code, we do our best to count the work on behalf of the proper owner, as per the "fix_authors" and "mod_renames" arrays in opensips/doc/build-contrib.sh. If you identify any patches/commits which do not get properly attributed to you, please submit a pull request which extends "fix_authors" and/or "mod_renames".
(3) ignoring whitespace edits, renamed files and auto-generated files
Table 3.2. Most recently active contributors(1) to this module
| Name | Commit Activity | |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Bogdan-Andrei Iancu (@bogdan-iancu) | Oct 2008 - Mar 2023 |
| 2. | Liviu Chircu (@liviuchircu) | Nov 2012 - Oct 2022 |
| 3. | Aron Podrigal (@ar45) | Nov 2020 - Nov 2020 |
| 4. | Razvan Crainea (@razvancrainea) | Sep 2010 - Oct 2020 |
| 5. | Maksym Sobolyev (@sobomax) | Oct 2022 - Oct 2020 |
| 6. | Vlad Patrascu (@rvlad-patrascu) | Mar 2017 - Jan 2020 |
| 7. | Vlad Paiu (@vladpaiu) | Aug 2011 - Nov 2018 |
| 8. | Alexey Vasilyev (@vasilevalex) | Oct 2018 - Oct 2018 |
| 9. | Peter Lemenkov (@lemenkov) | Jun 2018 - Jun 2018 |
| 10. | Ovidiu Sas (@ovidiusas) | May 2012 - Mar 2017 |
All remaining contributors: Jeremy Martinez (@JeremyMartinez51), Le Roy Christophe, Ionut Ionita (@ionutrazvanionita), Ozzyboshi, Julián Moreno Patiño, Dusan Klinec (@ph4r05), Mihai Tiganus (@tallicamike), Andrei Datcu (@andrei-datcu), Walter Doekes (@wdoekes), Nick Altmann (@nikbyte), Matt Lehner, Anca Vamanu, Andrei Dragus, Sergio Gutierrez.
(1) including any documentation-related commits, excluding merge commits
Last edited by: Liviu Chircu (@liviuchircu), Bogdan-Andrei Iancu (@bogdan-iancu), Razvan Crainea (@razvancrainea), Vlad Patrascu (@rvlad-patrascu), Alexey Vasilyev (@vasilevalex), Peter Lemenkov (@lemenkov), Ionut Ionita (@ionutrazvanionita), Vlad Paiu (@vladpaiu), Mihai Tiganus (@tallicamike), Andrei Datcu (@andrei-datcu), Matt Lehner, Anca Vamanu, Andrei Dragus, Sergio Gutierrez.
Documentation Copyrights:
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